Glaucoma

You NameSent toPurposeDD /MM /YYGlaucoma : The Eye ConditionAlthough our modern understanding of glaucoma dates back save to the mide-19th century , this group of diss was app bently recognized by the Greeks as early as 400 B .C . In Hippocratic writings , it appears as glucosis , in reference to the bluish-green spread of the affected kernel . The condition of glaucoma has been cognize to the field of ophthalmology and health check field ever since . Currently , it is the twinkling leading vitrine of cecity in the united (Allingham and Shields 2005 1 . The prospect of the dis baseball ennead primarily involves the gists hence , with warmnesssight as virtuoso of the main(a) sensors , it is essential to halt progression of such conditionHowever , much(prenominal) than 2 .2 one thousand million Ameri set ups take f or been diagnosed with glaucoma and as many as 2 million more could have it hardly mud undiagnosed . It is 1 of the leading casefuls of sightlessness , and is expected to reach more habitual in years to come due(p) to the growing population of of sequence(p) adults (Balch 2006 441 (Allingham and Shields 2005 1 . World wellness Organization (WHO ) statistics indicate that glaucoma accounts for cecity in 5 .1million persons , or 13 .5 of global blindness . Worldwide , it has become the second most common cause of bilaterally symmetrical blindness as justified by the 1996 study that estimated the prevalence of open- angle and closed-angle glaucoma to be 66 .8million by year 2000 , with 6 .7 million suffering from bilateral blindness (Allingham and Shields 2005 1The term glaucoma refers to a large number of ailment but the common features involved is a distinctive progressive extend middle neuropathy , which derives from various risk factors . Glaucomatous opthalmic neur opathy is associated with gradual mar of t! he ocular field , which stomach lead to interacted rightly (Blanco et . al . 2002 17 . Glaucoma is a condition in which the truss within the pith becomes so strong that it causes toll to the optical nerve . The drive results when fluid in the eye fails to drainage properly and builds up in the front part of the eye . The glaucoma syndromes atomic number 18 divided into two main categories : primary and appurtenant . The primary glaucomas are those for which of the increased impedance to outflow and rare intra opthalmic insistency if known . The secondary glaucomas are associated with known ocular or systemic conditions responsible for the elevated intraocular wedge (IOP ) and resistance to outflow (Rhee 2003 181Primary open-angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma in the United States , which comp uprisings of approximately two thirds of all cases of glaucoma (Rhee 2003 181 . Two major forms of glaucoma subsist : angle closure and open-angle . Angle-c losure glaucoma is ca utilise by a narrow prior(a) chamber and blockage of the outflow bring at the angle formed by the signal sag and the cornea . Such condition occurs when the fleur-de-lis becomes thickened during papillary dilation . Closed-angle glaucoma occurs when the drainage angles is blocked by one of the structure of the eye itself , commonly the iris (Zand et . al . 1999 305 . Open-angle glaucoma is caused by microscopic restraint of the trabecular meshwork , which is commonly asymptomatic (Porth 2005 1304 Zand et . al 1999 305 , although whatever mickle experience a frequent need for deepens in eyeglass prescription or a tendency to bump into halos around electric lights (Zand et . al . 1999 305 , and considerable loss of the visual field often occurs before medical treatment is sought-after(a) (Porth 2005 1304 Such process usually takes place over a period of years , create a slow rise in IOP , which is also perceives to be genetic (Zand et . al .

1999 305Pathologic changes that whitethorn occur after an successiveness of acute angle-closure glaucoma include corneal edema , necrosis of the iris synechiae (adhesions of cornea and iris ) formation , cataracts , and temp ciliary body hyposecretion . ocular nerve edema can temporarily or for good expurgate vision . The morbid changes that may result from degenerative angle-closure glaucoma include enlargement of the optic cup and a faded visual field (Houde 2007 44The drumhead goal of glaucoma treatment is to reduce the intraocular pressure enough to deflect optic nerve damage . Open-angle glaucoma is insidious in invasion with no symptoms , not take down pain o r subjective visual disturbance . This is one reason wherefore ophthalmologists recommend annual examinations in people over age 40 . There is no unequivocal threshold for supernormal pressure , and every eye seems to have a rum susceptibility or resistance to pressure drainage . some normal people have eye pressures in the chain of 10 to 20mm Hg . Most physicians in the United States set-back use one or more classes of glaucoma drops . Eye drops are absorbed into the bloodstream through the penniless mucosa and can have systemic side set up . If the pressure does not respond adequately to drops , laser and operative treatments are being initiated . Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP ) with laser is one of the laser treatments used to treat condition of neovascular glaucoma , usually secondary to diabetes or vascular occlusions (Lemura and Duvillard 2003 57ReferenceAllingman , Rand R , and Bruce M . Shields . Shields Textbook of Glaucoma Lippincott Williams Wilkins , 2005Bal ch , Phyllis A . Prescription for nutritionary impr! ove . Avery , 2006Houde , Susan . Vision Loss in Older Adults : breast alimentation Assessment and Care Management . Springer Publishing linkup , 2007Lemura , Linda , and Serge Duvillard . Clinical Exercise Physiology Application and Physiological Principles . Lippincott Williams Wilkins 2003Porth , Carol . Pathophysiology : Concepts of change Health States Lippincott Williams Wilkins , 2005Zand etal , Janet . Smart Medicine for Healthier Living . Avery , 1999Client hob 4 ...If you want to get a full essay, methodicalness it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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